Solving the Mystery of a Malfunctioning Heat Pump

A heat pump is one of the most energy-efficient ways to heat and cool your home—until it stops working the way it should. If your heat pump isn’t heating in the winter or cooling in the summer, it can be frustrating and uncomfortable. But before you panic or assume the worst, it’s worth understanding some of the most common reasons why your heat pump might not be performing properly. 

. Here’s what you need to know if yours isn’t doing its job. 

1. Thermostat Issues 

Sometimes, the problem isn’t with the heat pump itself—it’s with the thermostat. If your thermostat is set incorrectly, malfunctioning, or not communicating with the heat pump, it can prevent the system from turning on or reaching the desired temperature. 

What to check: 

·       Make sure the thermostat is set to the correct mode (heat or cool). 

·       Replace the batteries if it’s battery-operated. 

·       Try increasing or decreasing the temperature by a few degrees to see if the system responds. 

2. Dirty Air Filters 

A clogged or dirty air filter can restrict airflow, making it harder for your heat pump to circulate warm or cool air throughout your home. This not only reduces efficiency but can also cause the system to overheat or freeze up. 

Solution: Check your air filter every month and replace it every 1–3 months, depending on usage and household conditions (like pets or allergies). 

3. Outdoor Unit Blockages 

Your heat pump’s outdoor unit needs clear airflow to function properly. Leaves, snow, ice, or debris can block the coils and fans, reduce efficiency or cause the system to shut down. 

Tip: Keep at least 2 feet of clearance around the outdoor unit and check it regularly, especially after storms or heavy snowfall. 

4. Refrigerant Leaks 

Refrigerant is essential for both heating and cooling. If your system is low on refrigerant due to a leak, it won’t be able to transfer heat effectively. This can lead to lukewarm air in winter or insufficient cooling in summer. 

Warning signs: 

·       Hissing or bubbling noises 

·       Ice buildup on the outdoor unit 

·       Higher-than-normal energy bills 

Important: Refrigerant issues should always be handled by a certified HVAC technician. 

5. Frozen Coils 

In colder months, it’s normal for a heat pump’s outdoor coils to develop frost. However, if the defrost cycle isn’t working properly, the coils can freeze over completely, preventing the system from heating your home. 

What to do: If you notice ice buildup that doesn’t go away, turn off the system and call a professional. Continuing to run it can cause further damage. 

6. Aging or Undersized System 

If your heat pump is more than 10–15 years old, or if it was improperly sized for your home, it may struggle to keep up with demand. An aging system loses efficiency over time, and an undersized unit will run constantly without ever reaching the desired temperature. 

Solution: A professional assessment can help determine whether it’s time for a replacement or if a repair will suffice. 

When to Call the Experts 

While some issues—like changing a filter or clearing debris—can be handled by homeowners, others require the expertise of a licensed technician. At Special Gas Services, we offer fast, reliable heat pump repair and maintenance services to keep your home comfortable year-round. 

If your heat pump isn’t heating or cooling properly, don’t wait for the problem getting worse. Contact us today to schedule a service call and get your system back on track. 

Need help now? Call us today! Your comfort is our priority.